Mystic Companions at the Oases of Grief
BY MIRABAI STARR
I’m going to attempt to reframe Elisabeth Kubler-Ross’s stages of grief as stations of transformation, as portals to the sacred. I don’t see any reason to jettison the whole structure of Kubler-Ross’s stages, even though the idea of a linear process for grieving is ridiculous. But there seem to be universal features in that landscape of loss, in that beautiful, terrible wilderness that every one of us finds ourselves in individually and collectively at some point or another—especially right now.
In some ways I feel like I should just end there, because there’s nothing left to say. Everyone I know names grief as the vibrant living characteristic and opening doorway to our liberation right now. I started speaking about grief publicly about 20 years ago, following the sudden death of my 14-year-old daughter Jenny in a car accident that happened to coincide to the day with the release of my very first of a dozen books. And that was a translation of Dark Night of the Soul.
Those two events were exactly aligned. And I began—because how could I help it?—to speak about the connection between the teachings of the mystics, particularly the dark night of the soul, and the most astonishing, shattering and transformational experience I could imagine. This coincided with the rising consciousness around justice. So all three of these things are braided for me, like a challah. But when I began speaking about it, people were like, “Please don’t talk about grief.” I would teach at Omega Institute and there would be six people signed up for my retreats on the spiritual transformational power of grief and loss and the mystics.
Now I feel like there is this reclaiming happening. There’s nowhere to hide from the reality of our personal and collective grief right now. So is there any use in these maps that mystics like KublerRoss offer? Yes.
The five stages, as you probably well know and have probably worked with in your spiritual companionship, are denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. Each one of those words is unfortunate, as Kubler-Ross admitted herself. They imply some kind of checklist that you get through and at the end of it, you’re OK. Which implies that grief is like the flu, which you endure and get over. And then when you’re done; you move on.
Rather, it is a lifelong journey through the wilderness, with some fires—or oases even I want to say—on the way. So, I’m just going to rename them now as contemplation, rebellion, lament, surrender, and returning. Denial as contemplation; anger as rebellion; bargaining as lament; depression as surrender; and acceptance as returning.
I’ve spent my adult life reclaiming the wisdom of the mystics across the spiritual traditions, as luminaries for our own path as ordinary extraordinary human beings, doing the best we can to turn inward and step up in this world. And I will associate a mystic with each one of these oases.
Contemplation
In the wake of a fresh loss, often there is an impulse that is contemplative, to turn inward and be with what happened or what is happening. That contemplative impulse often results in a thirst for solitude, and people around us might look at us and think that we’re isolating. They might see it as dangerous, as pathological. But in the face of the fire of what’s happening, I think there’s something in that inward-drawing tendency that is healthy and right. People will try to distract us so that we don’t turn inward, but that craving you have for a moment to be with it is holy.
There is a fragrance of the sacred that permeates the shattered landscape of our souls in the face of great loss. It’s when the veils are ripped and we’re stripped of those ordinary protections against the beauty and power of the mystery. When we experience a shattering loss or a profound sorrow, those veils at least temporarily are taken away, and the sacred comes flooding through. I say the angels come rushing into that broken open space.
We’re conditioned to get away from the feeling of the pain that accompanies the loss, but there is also this great inflowing of holy fire. I find that people I sit with don’t want to acknowledge this sacred fragrance out loud, because we’ve been taught that it’s not okay to be anything other than sad when we experience these great losses. Do this resonate with you and with the people that you accompany?
But the spiritual bypass business is a real thing. When we’re confronted by the suffering of the world, our contemplative methodologies for liberation can become traps for removing ourselves from reality. That said, it is super important to have spaces of refuge to renew our hearts. This is hard work, this work of being contemplative activists in this world.
As I describe in Caravan of No Despair, I was trained in mindfulness, in Vipassana, as a teenager in the seventies at Lama Foundation. And I learned that mindfulness was this matter of rigorously cultivating a commitment to being aware in all moments. So, when Jenny died, my mindfulness training tried to kick in. I am going to stay with this. I’m going to stay conscious and present. I’m not going to turn away.
I didn’t call it patriarchal. I didn’t have any words for it, but I knew it was some kind of construct I had inherited that was not only not helpful, but almost monstrous in the wake of the profound experience of losing a child. I shifted it. I made it an act of love and devotion to my daughter: that I would accompany her even on her journey away from me. Because I loved her as her mommy, I wasn’t going to go anywhere. I was going to stay with this experience of shattering traumatic grief and loss as an act of love, of heartfulness.
That changed everything for me. And that is how I accompany the world now in its pain and suffering, in its death, in its crucifixion and resurrection. And Mother Mary, who was a great Jewish grieving mother, taught me as a little Jewish grieving mother how to do that. I will stay with you. I will hold you. It’s the Pieta.
When Julian of Norwich experienced the death of probably half the people she knew in the plague, she had a near death experience. And that’s when she had her showings, the revelations of divine love of Christ the Mother. And Julian’s impulse, once she recovered from her near-death experience, was to enclose herself in an anchor-hold and spend the rest of her life unpacking what she saw when Christ the Mother revealed herself to her and assured her that not only you, Julian, but all of us—all will be well and all will be well. And every kind of thing shall be well, in spite of appearances.
Not a spiritual bypass, but a reality that is bigger than and inclusive of the harrowing pain. As a grieving mother myself, I’m pretty sure that Julian too was a bereaved parent and probably spouse.
Rebellion
Often when we are grappling with great loss there’s an experience that feels like protest. Like, “No. It’s not okay with me. This is not okay. I protest, I rebel.” Kubler-Ross called it anger; for me it’s a passion. It’s a burning. It’s a rekindling of life for us after we’ve turned inward so deeply that we didn’t think we could ever reemerge. It involves deconstruction. Everything we believed crumbles. We die when a loved one dies, or when the injustice is so hot that everything burns. That deconstruction is healthy and needed. There’s also an ability to set boundaries in new ways on this station of the grief journey.
I see Francis of Assisi as the great exemplar of rebellion. Francis gathered his poor brothers and sisters—that’s what they called themselves, the poor little brothers and the poor little sisters—in community, in solidarity with the poor, in an attempt to live a life of voluntary simplicity for the sake of all beings, of the interconnection of all creatures. In his own lifetime, his order burgeoned into something that didn’t resemble anything that he had conceived. The next thing he knew, they were building cathedrals to the Franciscan order. And there was one moment when some church was being built and he climbed up on the roof and he started tearing off the tiles and throwing them to the ground and yelling, bellowing. That’s rebellion. That’s the second station of the journey.
Lament
The third station or portal for transformation I would call lament. She called it bargaining. This is the “if only.” And again, we’re invited to be with it: not to turn away from the monkey mind that’s going to do its thing and tell us the story over and over and over again, but to let it just run its course as the monkey mind will do, running after every banana of thought. If you had only done this and if they had only behaved like that. If we could cut that scene and rewind it and re-shoot it. If we were in control of the universe and our own movie, it would all come out the way we want.
I’m not in control, but I am the star of the movie of me whether I like it or not. There is a powerlessness in this stage, but there is also a fierce empowerment in lamentation.
In some sense, grief is that state of beautiful, terrible grace that pours into our shattered hearts when we experience a great loss.
Mourning is a conscious act of lamentation, of prayer. A contemplative practice even, to just say: “Yes, I assent, I consent to be present with this great sorrow, with my heart open. I will mourn. I will mourn what I love.” I know it sounds like a cliche and we’ve heard it before, but we grieve in proportion to our love. And we mourn as an act of homage to that love.
This station of lament I see as Miriam and her sisters as they crossed the Red Sea, as it parted to receive the Israelites who were moving from captivity to liberation. Remember Pharaoh had let them go and then changed his authoritarian mind and went after them, sent the army after them. And Pharaoh’s army was drowned.
Midrash tells us that when Miriam, her sisters and the other women who actually led the way through the Red Sea with drums and timbrels singing and dancing got to the other side they fell to their knees and wept for the death of all of the Egyptians. Not only the army, but all the male children Pharaoh’s decree had killed.
Surrender
Lamentation is our birthright. It is absolutely necessary that we allow our hearts to break open on this path of transformation, of turning inward and stepping up, in the fourth station of transformation. What Kubler-Ross called depression, I call surrender. And this is the dark night of the soul. This is that transformational power of dropping into radical unknowing. When the bargaining, the lamentation, the if-only, has run its course and exhausted us. And at last we surrender because there’s nowhere else to go. And that surrender is sacred and it’s infused by total not-knowing.
It’s an annihilation of everything we had believed and it is absolutely necessary on the path of maturing as a human being, according to John of the Cross, who is the mystic for this station. We must enter into radical not-knowing. It’s holy. It’s also the butterfly phase when what Teresa of Avila calls the ugly little plump white silkworm dissolves utterly. This was long before science showed us that is exactly what happens: a complete dissolution of the caterpillar or the worm inside the cocoon to a puddle of imaginal cells. That’s what’s happening here. It’s Jonah languishing, as John of the Cross says, in the belly of the great fish, suspended in the dark. It’s also a time when we allow ourselves to simply be sad, to just fall back into the arms of sorrow and let the great mother—who we can’t even believe in in those moments— hold us. It’s exhaustion, but it’s also rest. It’s Shabbat.
Returning
And finally we have what Kubler-Ross called acceptance, another unfortunate term because acceptance implies that what happened is OK now—that it’s actually OK with me that my daughter was plucked from this world in the beginning of her flowering as a beautiful 14-year-old black girl, fiercely engaged in social and environmental justice, who wanted to be a healer in this world. Not OK with me. It’s 20 years later and not a day goes by when it’s OK with me that Jenny died.
Anyone who claims some kind of ultimate awakening, I just don’t trust it. What I trust is people who tell me that they don’t know. And I know it’s probably no accident that I had just finished translating Dark Night of the Soul when I was plunged into the depths of unknowing. That is the most transformative aspect of my grief journey because it brings me back to beginner’s mind again and again. This is the aspiration, to come back to zero. And living with John of the Cross as a translator taught me that. Translating is like darshan; it’s like sitting at the feet of the masters when you translate a great wisdom being.
If I had anything in my toolbox, it was the willingness to not know. Intimately entwined with that—not that I had a choice—was this capacity for a childlike wonderment, experiencing any given ordinary moment as being utterly permeated with beauty, with holiness. And that has not left me.
I’m not in that space every moment, obviously, but I’m there a lot. And that is a kind of joy. Satcitananda in Hinduism is a state of being awakened to beingness. That bliss, or ananda, is very much present not in spite of the pain but entwined with the pain. And that’s what enables me to be in joyful communion with others. Again, not all the time, but sometimes.
It’s mature and childlike at the same time. That’s a feminine consciousness, if I may. I’m not talking about girl bodies and boy bodies. I’m talking about these energies that live in all of us. And I think that the feminine is very much at home with ambiguity and paradox so that we can be shattered and enjoy at the same time; we can be mature and childlike at the same time. But I think that it has a lot to do with surrender. The root of the word islam, which means surrender, is salaam, which means peace: it’s the peace that comes with surrender. Grief teaches us to radically surrender our illusion of control while we stand in our agency to stand up for others who are suffering. It energizes us ultimately after depleting us utterly.
Radical surrender and activism are completely intertwined for me. I am an activist, daughter of activists. My parents were both classic New York Jewish liberal progressives—anti-war activists in the Vietnam era. I grew up with this model of activism as: don’t just sit there, do something. What I have come to learn in the necessary deconstruction of what was handed to me is that when I think I’m capable of coming up with solutions to the brokenness of this world, I’m screwed. I can’t do it. And I’m going to burn out and I’m going to hate myself for failing. Does this sound familiar?
But when I come from a place of humility and childlike wonderment, knowing that I don’t know, but allowing myself to feel the brokenness of the world with every fiber of my mother heart—and we all have that mother heart, people of all genders— then I’m bearing loving witness and I can’t help but stand up and find a way to alleviate suffering wherever I encounter it. But again, coming back again and again to the holy ground of not knowing. It’s not passive, it’s vibrant and alive and infused with the energy of compassion and passion.
Acceptance is just as problematic as depression as a term. How about we reclaim it and reframe it as returning—teshuva is the word in Hebrew.
Turning and returning is a continuous process; it’s not a result. It’s a commitment to being present. In Buddhism, the first step of the eightfold path is right views: being with what is. Richard Rohr calls it forgiving reality. That’s this station, this opening on the path of transformation through grief. Not grief as a place to get past, but grief as an invitation for continuous transformation, personal and communal.
This is a place of integration and it’s a circular staircase. So we come back again and again, each time more deeply and fully integrating what has happened to us, what is happening in the world. Showing up again and again for what is with love, with the willingness for our hearts to be shattered, and also broken open. It’s the place that the mystics call the place of union.
I love Julian of Norwich’s term: oneing. The place of continuous oneing. And the mystic for this station, in my heart today anyway, is Mother Mary, who said yes. Who said yes anyway. Who said, Hineni, in Hebrew: Here I am.
I know that I am going to bear the unbearable, and I say, Yes. Not because I’m a martyr but because this is the nature of this fleeting human condition and I want to stay here. Like the bodhisattva, not as a white knuckled promise of perfectionism and purification and all of those patriarchal constructs, but as an act of love, of heartfulness. I’m going to stay right here until all my friends are liberated. (Some versions of the bodhisattva vow say, until every last blade of grass is liberated.)
We bear the unbearable. That’s the title of a book from contemporary psychologist and traumatic grief specialist and Zen Buddhist Joanne Cacciatore, and that is what we do. And so we companion each other. We bear witness to each other as they and we bear the unbearable. There is no fixing. In fact, doesn’t it piss you off when people try to fix you when you’re suffering?
I appreciate a good solution here and there, but when I’m in grief, I just need to let myself down into the arms of mother darkness and rest in her. And I want people to just sit beside me and offer me sips of water and chocolate and wine. Not a lot of wine, just a little bit of wine. A lot of chocolate. No, a lot of water. So, we companion each other quietly, respectfully. I would venture to say, reverentially. We accompany each other with great reverence as spiritual companions who endure the unendurable.
Oh, but when your spiritual companions themselves say, “I can’t do this anymore,” what do you do? I don’t know. I just say, “I know.” And sometimes I burst into tears. “I know, honey, I know.”